Security through authentication and Encryption Essay

Security through authentication and Encryption - Essay Example Security issues are the ones that Government take pride for determining technical standards within the domain of the private sector. Since technology is on its way to implement some technical standards to secure communication mode, first of all it mandates standards to mandate Internet commerce and communication. Among the most significant issue concerning technical standards is the usage of security and authentication. Authentication is not only required in communications between organizations and clients but is also a considerable issue in making electronic payments over the Internet. Depending on the direction and interactivity, authentication requires some previously stored data while communicating online. Authentication while encrypting the data allows any organization to get security over the network, thereby utilizing its resources without any hassle or threat of being attacked by the hacker. Encryption not only provides confidentiality to an organization when most often used with ‘https’ protocol, but by authenticating the data it provides non-repudiation that travels over a network or stored on a system. Except for the fact that authentication gets costly to organization and there is a risk of passwords vulnerability, there are no other limitations for authenticating your network. Since passwords are vulnerable to brute-force attacks or forgetfulness they are also subjected to a threat of weak password authentication. For example if a manager sends an application inclusive of passwords in plain text while not encrypted, to the authenticating server, any network sniffer can figure out the password, whether it is 250 or 2 characters long. A physical form of authentication is deployed in large organizations, government and military agencies that measures physical attributes, called ‘biometrics’. Since it is economically not

Police in society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Police in society - Essay Example Dominating mentality is natural for all human beings. Police officers are getting the authority to dominate others through legal channels. If they try to use this authority simply to dictate others, such authority may yield more harm than good. So, it is necessary to make sure that the police recruits are able to use their power judiciously once they got their appointment. Psychological tests or screening are necessary to assess whether the police recruits would be able to use their power judiciously or not Courage is one of the necessary qualifications required for the police officer post. Cowards can never excel in police departments. The threats from the criminals and terrorists are attaining serious dimensions at present and the police officer should be able to counter all such attempts with courage. Only the psychological screening will reveal the abilities of a police recruit in tackling difficult situations in which courage is necessary. In short, psychological screening is ne cessary to police recruits to assess or forecast their future behavior. Vicarious liability is the liability of the superior for the acts of his subordinates. For example, an employee may feel that his manager has the authority to fire him. In fact, the employer need not given such authority to the manager. Here the employee’s belief is developed simply because of his unawareness about the organizational culture in his firm. Here the employer forced to take the vicarious liability of the acts of his manager because of the misunderstandings of the employee about his employer and manager. Chain of command is the order in which the authority and power of the top management is being exercised upon the employees at different levels. If the top management should ensure that all the employees in the organization have the right knowledge about the power, duties and responsibilities of each employees working in that firm. Otherwise employees may keep wrong inferences about the authori ty of other employees and the employer has the vicarious liability in such cases for the wrong assumptions of the employees. Harassment at workplace is common all over the world and America is also not an exception. Most of the workplace harassments are taking place because of the employee’s unawareness about his rights and the rights of his superior. The superiors often try to make the subordinate believe that he has enough power to take any actions against the employee. The employee may try to keep silence over the superior’s torture in such situations and when any disputes occur. In such cases, the employer is responsible to answer the questions about the torture, if he failed to give adequate information to the victim about the power structure in the organization well before the employees tarts his work in that organization. As per vicarious liability rule, â€Å"employers should establish anti-harassment policies and complaint procedures covering all forms of unl awful harassment† (The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission) â€Å"An injury inflicted by positive, willful, and aggressive conduct, or by design, as opposed to an injury caused by negligence or resulting from an accident† can be put under intentional tort whereas â€Å"the failure to do something that a reasonable person would do in the same circumstances, or the doing of something a reasonable pers